Antibiotic Streptomycin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Anti-toxin Streptomycin - Essay Example Streptomycin is arranged synthetically as an aminoglycosidic anti-microbial and a portion of the different aminoglycosides incorporate kanamycin, neomycin, tobramycin and amikain. All in all aminoglycoside utilize their inhibitory activity by blocking protein union in microbes. Streptomycin eliminates microorganisms by repressing protein combination by consolidating irreversibly with the 30S subunit of the70S ribosomes, discovered normally in prokaryotes. To be progressively explicit, it ties with the S12 protein which is engaged with the commencement of protein union. Analysts have found through tests that streptomycin stops the commencement of protein blend by hindering the official of initiator N-formylmethionine tRNA to the ribosome. Moreover, Streptyomycin is likewise known to stop the ordinary separation of 70S ribosomes into their 50S and 30S subunits. In this way development of polysomes is hindered. Streptomycin activity includes contorting the ribosome with the goal that change from inception complex (30S-mRNA-tRNA) to chain lengthening ribosome is blocked. Because of this the ordinary grouping of interpretation is disturbed and the microbes can't incorporate proteins which is indispensable for its cell development and consequently neglects to endure. Studies likewise have demonstrated that the medication additionally upsets the cell film of helpless microscopic organisms. Throughout the years numerous bacterial species, for example, Bacillus subtilis Strain S

Political Cartoon Essay -- American History, Working Class

Online Bookstore E-marketing Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Online Bookstore E-showcasing - Term Paper Example Online book shops have modified the manner by which perusers and essayists cooperate and are required to hugy affect the book retail business later on. Beginning a site to sell books will profit Book Bunker from multiple points of view, not least by expanding their stock space. Physical book shops are constrained in space, which isn't an issue for online book shops. Online book shops are ideal for mainstream titles just as uncommon ones, subsequently being an ideal road for Book Bunker as these uncommon titles gets a similar space comparable to famous titles on the bookstore’s site. Requesting uncommon titles online will set aside a similar effort for conveyance, as it would be for well known titles. Online book shops are additionally helpful for clients in country regions; they don't require physical access and are open for 24 hours including winter. At long last, an online book shop will permit clients to post surveys about titles, which will help Book Bunker since this crit icism will influence the appraisals of the title on the web, particularly for uncommon titles, and will make for a novel intelligent shopping experience that will pull in different clients to the webpage. Online Bookstore Website Design One thing that should be viewed as when planning a site for a book shop is that Book Bunker should back off for their customers to purchase titles and make the experience exceptional and intuitive (Gay et al, 2010). The site ought to furnish the customer with additional data on the creator and title. A framework, for example, this has search as its backbone, and subsequently, it ought to incorporate all data that an individual perusing for a book would be scanning for, including name, kinds of accessible duplicates, data on versions and whether it establishes of a greater pack (Gay et al, 2010). Basically, the site must catch and amplify the physical book shop understanding however much as could reasonably be expected. The site ought to likewise give a chance to clients to include data the titles that Book Bunker doesn't have, for example, abstract occasions, understanding long distance races, imagine records, book clubs, book marks, conversation sheets, evaluations, labeling, and nitty gritty surveys. The site ought to likewise be planned so that it fills in as a connection among clients and providers with the store going about as a go-between (Gay et al, 2010). Subsequently, it becomes immaterial whether the book is available. Book Bunker should factor in banners and notices in their site coupled to proper symbols, just as permit viable structures to information and lists of things to get. Book Bunker additionally needs to arrange its site with other comparative book shops so as to have a far reaching inventory, which takes into account all book perusers in various configurations. This will likewise permit a survey framework that gives important and genuine guidance to buy (Gay et al, 2010). The site ought to likewise have th e look inside area where the client is permitted to have a look into the book before getting it. Reclamation offices, for example, blessing vouchers ought to likewise be remembered for the site, just as making it simpler to arrange, pre-request, delay purchase, and return books (Gay et al, 2010). Furthermore, the site should be vivid and alluring on the content and white foundation, even with the need of enhancement and quick stacking. There ought to be a visual shading coded division between the books to make it speaking to scan for books. The site ought to likewise take into account a path back to the past connection levels clicked to get to the book itself on the off chance that the customer concludes that the clicked book isn't the right one (Gay et al, 2010). The â€Å"list page† ought to be in framework style, which would empower Book Bunker to list more books with decreased vertical parchment. This would likewise permit the book shop to build the

The Effect of Knowledge Management

Question: Examine about The Effect of Knowledge Management . Answer: Presentation Directly, with the expansion of the open mindfulness in regards to the significance of medical coverage, the interest for the health care coverage administrations has expanded. The client base in the medical coverage organizations is developing. The situation is same additionally in Australia. According to the present measurements, the yearly development pace of the Australian medical coverage area is 6.4% and the income in the last monetary year was $24 billion (Miller and Hayward 2017). The reports on the medical coverage segment have revealed that the health care coverage organizations are accompanying new plans to safeguard the soundness of the individuals in a superior manner (Keleher 2016). Because of the interest in the medical coverage administrations and presentation of new plans, the health care coverage organizations in Australia require keeping up enormous number of information identified with clients inclinations, clients individual information and other data. This examination proposition will especially concentrate on the subject matter administration and its effect on the administration nature of the medical coverage firms in Australia. During this examination proposition it will be evident that how the principle inquire about investigation will be continue. So as to lead the investigation in progressively brief way, the fixation will be made on a specific private medical coverage organization Medibank, Australia. Medibank is one of the most well known private medical coverage administration giving organizations in Australia. The organization is as of now covering 29.1% of the market in Australia. The point of the examination will recognize and dissecting the impact of information the executives rehearses on administration conveyance quality in private medical coverage firms. According to the present situation, numerous individuals in Australia have whined that they are not getting appropriate assistance from the medical coverage organizations inside the necessary time. This sort of issue might be happening because of the ill-advised information the executives framework in the organizations. Be that as it may, the organizations have not referenced anything about the issues in their insight the executives frameworks (Pradhan et al. 2016). In this way, the primary issue region that the examination will confront is distinguishing the provisos in the present information the executives strategies that are influencing the administration nature of the medical coverage firms in Australia. Writing survey Recognizing the idea of information the board and its advantages As indicated by Rundi (2016), information the executives is a methodical methodology through which the business associations deal with their data and other information assets. In different words, Wang and Wang (2016) has portrayed information the board as the way toward dealing with the information and data that incorporates three fundamental exercises catching the data, appropriating the data to various clients and successfully utilizing the data by the clients inside the organization. Inkinen and Inkinen (2016) noticed that the idea of information the executives came to presence in 1990. The fundamental explanation for acquainting such idea was with sort out and deal with the data of the organizations in a powerful way. At this present situation, the vast majority of the business associations particularly the enormous associations have actualized the information the board frameworks inside their operational frameworks. Wang and Yang (2016) referenced that the associations execute t he information the executives framework with the goal that they can appreciate its advantages. The advantages of information the executives are referenced underneath: Better dynamic The utilization of legitimate information the executives framework helps the business associations taking better choice inside less time. During the time spent information the board, the data and information are kept in a deliberate strategy and simultaneously, the information the executives framework keeps just the valuable information (Hughes and Gosney 2016). In this way, while taking any choice, the executives can without much of a stretch access the data and they needn't bother with additional time for removing the helpful part from the whole data and informational index. Consequently, the dynamic procedure become simple and successful. Improve the administration quality The information the board framework in a business association particularly the administration giving association causes offering better types of assistance to the clients. In the information the board framework, the organizations can keep the data of the clients in an orderly way (Tseng 2016). Because of that, when the clients request the administrations identified with their past exchanges, the organizations can without much of a stretch offer the necessary assistance. For instance, if in a media transmission administration giving organization, a client requests the calling subtleties or energize related subtleties, at that point through the information the board framework, the organization can without much of a stretch give the data to the client (Obeidat et al. 2016). Lessening time and cost The utilization of information the executives framework can diminish the utilization of time and cost in the associations. In the event that the associations keep up their data and information through information the executives framework, at that point they don't require giving additional time and exertion to recognize the significant information and data (Obeidat et al. 2016). No manual dealing with is required. Subsequently, the time and cost get diminished. Staying away from the danger of losing the information and data The information the board framework keep up the information and data in a specialized manner. No manual information and data the board is required in this framework. Thus, the danger of losing the significant information and data can be maintained a strategic distance from effectively (Jennex, Smolnik and Croasdell 2016). Recognizing the constraints in information the board framework Information the executives is valuable instrument in todays business situation. Be that as it may, this valuable instrument additionally has a few constraints, because of which the business associations face various difficulties while utilizing the information the executives framework. The constraints of information the board framework are as per the following: The information the board framework in an organization can't give any insight about the future execution or result of the organization (Al-Busaidi and Olfman 2017). Because of this, the convenience of the information the executives framework is constrained. There is a danger of information and data loses because of the issue of the framework disappointment. The information the board frameworks in the organizations depend on the innovation (Tseng 2016). Accordingly, some of the time, because of the mechanical disappointment, the information the board frameworks of the organizations don't work appropriately and the information and data might be lost because of that. On the off chance that this occurs, the organization may confront tremendous issue. Information the executives framework depends on cutting edge innovation. This implies, the organizations must select learned and gifted work force for working the information the executives framework. On the off chance that whenever, the capable individual is missing in the association, at that point he entire framework endures (Inkinen and Inkinen 2016). In addition, the representatives, who need more understanding of utilizing information the executives framework, additionally face troubles for utilizing the framework. Actualizing the information the board framework inside the organization requires putting away high measure of cash at the underlying stage. Simultaneously, the support of information the board additionally requires a lot of venture (Jennex, Smolnik and Croasdell 2016). In this manner, for the little and medium size organizations, it isn't at all conceivable to appreciate the information the board framework. Investigating the connection between the information the board framework and execution of the organization The above conversation and investigation has plainly indicated that information the executives arrangement of an organization has a few advantages, yet the framework isn't faultless. Be that as it may, Obeidat et al. (2016) referenced that the great quality information the executives framework emphatically impact the presentation standard of the organizations. Jennex, Smolnik and Croasdell (2016) then again remarked that the information the board framework in an organization has direct effect on four unique components or parts of the organization and these are procedure, individuals, execution and items. Usage of legitimate information the board framework improves the procedure adequacy and effectiveness. The association requires less time for handling the contribution to wanted yield. For instance, in the enormous banks like, National Australia Bank, the whole framework relies upon the information the executives (Nationalaustraliabank.com 2017). Because of this framework, the administration of National Australia Bank can take right choice inside least time. This implies, because of the information the executives framework, the whole procedure inside the association becomes smoother. Simultaneously, as the works in the organization is done inside a base time allotment, the expense of the organization is likewise diminished. This implies, the exhibition of the organization is improved. The usage of the information the executives framework likewise improves the nature of the individuals inside the organization. The workers can improve their learning through this framework. Alongside that, the propelled information the board framework makes the workers progressively adaptable and gives work fulfillments to them (Al-Busaidi and Olfman 2017). Subsequently, the presentation standard of every representative just as whole association is improved. In any case, in this unique situation, Wang and Yang (2016) contended that the workers of the association can be adaptable in the event that they realize the how to utilize the framework, else, it might happen significant expense to the organization. Rundi (2016) noticed that the usage of the information the board framework can improve the administration or item nature of the business. In the event that the case of National Australia Bank is thought of, at that point it very well may be stated, as the association maintains its business through the information the executives framework, the representatives of the bank has the entrance of the clients information and data at unsurpassed. Along these lines, if a client requests any assistance whenever, the representatives can give that. This implies, the administration quality becomes impr

African American Musuem Essay

The African Museum in Philadelphia is striking as the principal gallery subsidized and worked by a district to help save, decipher and display the legacy of African Americans. Opened during the 1976 Bicentennial festivals, the AAMP is situated in memorable Philadelphia, a couple of squares from the Liberty Bell. Charles H. Wesley was a prominent African American history specialist, instructor, and creator. He was the fourth African American to get a Ph. D. from Harvard University. An appointed clergyman, Wesley’s recognized vocation included 40 years of administration with the African Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1976, he filled in as Director of the Afro-American Historical and Cultural Museum in Philadelphia, presently known as the African American Museum in Philadelphia. Projects The African American Museum that is situated in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania makes them intrigue instruction programs. These instruction programs center around expressions, culture, and legacy training. They place a significant accentuation on the interests of the understudies, instructors, craftsmen, students of history, researchers, and network associations. These projects offer assorted variety with planning. The projects investigate different African types of social articulations. In these projects there are abstract exhibitions, hands on shows, workshops, and narrating exhibitions also. The African American Museum in Philadelphia feels its projects can be an imperative connection between the changeless and visiting assortments for the numerous networks they serve. Shows The displays in the African American Museum in Philadelphia can some to be satisfying to the eye and invigorating to the brain. As indicated by the African American Museum of Philadelphia these displays summon a profound assortment of feeling going from pride and energy to fervor and eagerness. At the point when guests enter the exhibition hall they will come to Gallery 1, which incorporates an intelligent course of events, pictures draw from chronicled record, that traverses 100 years of history. In Gallery 2 there are full size video projections in which guests can in take part in them. When they are initiated, a monolog about existence in Philadelphia will start. Some different parts of the display incorporate an encounter where you can walk the boulevards of Philadelphia through an enormous scope map, which is situated between exhibitions 1 and 2 .

Research Paper Writing Service

Research Paper Writing ServiceIf you're struggling to get a proper idea of what your research paper would look like, then it is important that you find the best research paper writing service. The first step would be to find the best research writing service in the market today. Just like any other service providers, they can be either of two kinds, and the first one is online research writing services.There are many online research writing services. Of course, you can still visit several of them before deciding which of them can actually meet your requirements. However, you may opt for just a few of them. Research papers for education have different requirements from those for research papers for marketing, because of the diversity in subjects, research topics, curriculum and so on.Although the terms 'research writing'research service' are often used interchangeably, there are still some distinctions between them. Most online research writing services provide assistance to beginners who are looking for help in their research papers. Other writers are expert to experts who can also assist you in your research papers.For good research paper writing service, it is important that you search for them based on the type of work they do, the quality of writing that they can do, the quality of information they supply to you and the guarantee that they can deliver. Good research writing service provides excellent guidance about the details of your topic.If you are finding it difficult to choose the right researcher, it is recommended that you give him or her a copy of your paper before sending them an electronic copy. The most ideal research writing service will have a customer service department that will respond to your inquiry within 24 hours. The reason why it is so important that you ask for an electronic copy is because the best researchers to work under tight deadlines and may not have time to respond to your inquiry.The content of your research paper is only as good as the research writer who wrote it, so if you are not happy with the results, then you have no choice but to throw it away. And that would be the last thing you need. As a research writer, you should use research articles to present the right information to your readers, so you can get your point across effectively.Some research papers are written with very specific subjects, while some research papers are written for general awareness. If you are unable to decide between a general and a specific research paper, you have to ask your research writer the reason for his or her decision, or else be prepared to read something that is not suitable for your purpose.Moreover, a research paper can have a length of more than 300 pages. Therefore, you should take into account the research paper writing service's capability to write your research paper in such a way that it is both concise and interesting to the reader. Since research articles are written for public consumption, and since they usually deal with historical issues, it is necessary to keep them short and to the point.

Limbo - Literature Essay Samples

Much like a ghost, Beloveds Sethe is caught in limbo between her past and future. She constantly struggles between the remembrances triggered by Beloved and the opportunities afforded by Paul D. Having never matured into the present, Sethe finds consolation in Beloved, who personifies both the good and the bad of her past. With the re-entrance of Paul D into her life, Sethe becomes aware of the future, but resists moving forward. Accentuating Sethes strain between the past and future is the constant battle between Beloved and Paul D for control over Sethe. It is not until Sethe conquers her past that she can move into the future.To Sethe, the encumbrance of her past is comforting. Beloved, as both a sprit and a human, is always with Sethe. As Sethe prays, Denver sees a white dress knelt down next to her mother andand its sleeve around her mothers waist (29). Prayer is an activity in which one finds peace within ones self, but it is not from within that comes her comfort, but instead from Beloveds presence. Even in Sethes most private, solitary moments, Beloved placates her, all the while refusing to let go, as the waisted arm reveals. Sethe, although hesitant, is perceptive of her omnipresent past. As she discusses the white dress apparition with Denver, she admits that Some things go. Pass on. Some things just stay. I used to think it was my rememory. You know. Some things you forget. Other things you never do. But its notit will happen again; it will be there for you, waiting for youits going to always be there waiting for you (36). When Beloved arrives at 124, reincarnated in human form, Sethe cant place it (67), but the feeling (67) in her recognizes Beloved as the same haunting past and knowing this, she still had let her in (66), to her house, her life.As the physical embodiment of Sethes past, Beloved inhibits her from conquering the ghosts of the past in which she remains. After mercy killing Beloved, Sethes dress dries stiff, like rigor mortis (153); i t is not the dress that undergoes partial mortality, but instead Sethe. At the death of her daughter, a part of Sethe dies, suspending her in the past. Having accustomed herself with Sethes habits, Beloved begins inching down Bluestone Road further and further each day to meet Sethe and walk her back to 124as though every afternoon she doubted anew the older womans return (57).Beloved is afraid that Sethe will leave her past, and she collects her in this fashion, striving to hold her in it. She continually pushes Sethe back into the past as she fishes for stories, using remnants of memories as bait. Beloved receives a profound satisfactionfrom storytelling (58) because every time Sethe senses a hint of her past life, she returns to that piece of her life, which is so readily available having never fully escaped it.Beloved claims possession of Sethe, telling Denver, She is the one. She is the one I needshe is the one I have to have (76). Each journey back holds Sethe there as she emb races both the good and the bad, fulfilling Beloveds desire to hold her in the past.With Paul Ds arrival, comes a wary reassurance, leading Sethe to become inquisitive of the future. The morning after they have sex for the first time, Sethe begins to think, Would it be all right? Would it be all right to go ahead and feel? Go ahead and count on something? (38). He suggests the prospect of a family, something Sethe never truly experienced, telling her that they should make space for somebody along with [Denver] (45). Before space can be made for Paul D in their family, Sethe must overcome her past.As Sethe begins to step forward, Beloveds efforts grow, holding her back. At the carnival with Paul D and Denver, Sethe first sees the possibility of a future as she notices that [t]hey were not holding hands, but their shadows wereall three of them were gliding over the dust holding hands (47). But, much like the landscaping of the carnival, where the closer the roses got to death, the lou der their scent (47), the closer Sethe gets to putting her past behind her, the louder and stronger Beloveds actions become. As she recognizes that Paul D was adding something to her life-something she wanted to count on but was scared to (95), Sethe begins to lay the memory of Halle to rest in Baby Suggs preaching clearing, but as she gains greater peace with remembrance of Halle, the fingers touching the back of her neck [become] stronger Harder, harder, the fingers [move] slowly around toward her windpipe making little circles on the way (96). She associates the pain as that of forgetting the past, resurrecting her fear of letting go. Beloved not only attacks the future through Sethe, but also through Paul D, Sethes link to the future. Paul D recognizes that it is the haint that prevents Sethe from moving on, just as Beloved recognizes that it is Paul D that will cause Sethe to leave the past. Between Paul D and Beloved, there is a constant power struggle; they struggle for power over Sethe and power between themselves. Upon their first acquaintance, Paul exhibits his supremacy over Beloved, instructing her to Leave the place alone! Get the hell out (18), in hopes of giving Sethe the opportunity to escape from the past that possesses her. With Beloved in the house, [t]here was no room for anything or body until Paul D arrived and broke up the place, making room, shifting it, moving it over to someplace else (39), but she later uses her own tactics to rid 124 of Paul D. As Beloved slowly moves Paul D around the house, she eventually corners him in the shed behind it, disregarding Paul Ds pleas of Sethes love for her, taking her own turn to instruct Paul D to touch [her]. On the inside part (117). Beloved uses sex, mans weakness, to conquer the future. Although Beloved succeeds in the instant, she does not rid 124 of Paul D, but instead leads him to the realization that Sethe cannot move on as long as her past haunts her.It is not until Sethe is at ease with the prospect of a future that she can confront her past. After his sexual encounter with Beloved, Paul D says to Sethe, I want you pregnantWould you do that for me (128). The baby of Paul Ds desire is his wish to start anew with Sethe, for both of them to lay their past to rest and create their own future, but Sethe responds with, Dont you think Im too old to start that all over again (128), demonstrating her interest in the future, because she does not reject the idea of a family, but at the same time her hesitance to move forward, because she is insecure leaving her past to regenerate her life. As they sleep together later, Sethe placed her hand on his chest [as she wondered] if her boys come back one day, and Denver and Beloved stayed on well, would it be the way it was suppose to be, no (132). With the placement of her hand, she begins to bridge into the future as she contemplates and acknowledges its consequences. Her recognition of the smile and the upfront love that made her try (161) to explain the murder of Beloved to Paul D demonstrates her growing comfort with the future. She hesitates as she draws closer to the account, knowing that the circle she was making around the room, him, the subject, would remain one (163), not because she was avoiding the past, but instead because of her personal consciousness that she could not move into the future without confronting her past.As Sethe approaches the future, her movement is reflected in Beloveds physique. She had two dreams: exploding and being swallowed. When her tooth came outan odd fragment, last in the rowshe thought it was starting (133). Her dreams expose her growing awareness of Sethes reconciliation with the past, while the loss of her tooth reflects the physical effects of it, as Sethe is literally dismantling her past, Beloved. But, Sethe digresses, fully submitting herself to Beloved. Beloved sat around, ate, went from bed to bedThe bigger Beloved got, the smaller Sethe becameBeloved ate up he r life, took it, swelled up with it, grew taller on it (250). When Sethe makes the decision not to kill Mr. Bodwin, whom she believed to be school teacher, her hand is empty (262), now absent of that of Beloved, who had held onto her for so long. During the exorcism, Sethe is forced to relive the events surrounding Beloveds death so that she can correct her actions, and finally move on.Beloved exists to force Sethe to confront her past. Sethe tries to repress her memories, which results in its return with greater force. She must choose between the past and the future, Beloved and Paul D, but in order to move into the future, she must bury her memories, and rid herself of the parasitic Beloved. Although Sethe finally surmounts her past, she will never be fully absent of it because, as Morrison said, She did the right thing, but she didnt have the right to do it.

Analysis of Next Plc - 3995 Words

Analysis of NEXT plc and its environment Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 2 †¨2 OVERVIEW 2 2.1 The Market 2 2.2 The Company 3 3 ANALYTIC TOOLS 4 3.1 PEST - Analysis 4 3.2 SWOT - Analysis 7 3.3 Competitive Analysis 9 4 CONCLUSION 12 †¨5 MISSION STATEMENT 13 †¨6 OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES 14 6.1 Good quality and price 14 6.2 Relationship between Next and its environment 14 6.3 Shopping as en event 15 7 BIBLIOGRAPHY 16 1 Introduction †¨This Report should give the reader an overview of the clothing retail market in general and an in-depth analyse of NEXT Plc in detail. The main emphasis in this essay are the Retail and Directive division of NEXT Plc because they are the cash generators. Furthermore it shows the current situation of NEXT, its†¦show more content†¦Due to the EU membership a trend can be seen towards stricter environmental protection legislation. This may have a direct or indirect effect on NEXT or his suppliers. Economic factors †¨Looking at the economic environment, it is somewhat tricky since on the one hand there is the strong sterling compared to the Euro. Euroland encourages imports and endeavours to hold domestic prices at an attractive level. But on the other hand it is difficult for the UK to be competitive outside its boundaries because of the high pound sterling exchange rate against the Euro. As NEXT sells about 96% in the UK marketplace, this may currently only have a limited effect, but could be more important in the future when thinking globally. †¨Fig. 2 This can also be seen on the Big Mac - Cross Rates table, where hamburgers sold in the UK are more expensive than in most other countries. So an investment outside the UK might be very attractive - also speaking of re-imports to transfer the goods back into the domestic market. Source: see Chapter 7 Another issue is the falling unemployment rate. For the UK population this is good news but for companies like NEXT, this has different implications. For NEXT it means higher expenditure on wages, as well as greater difficulties in recruiting good employees. Social factors †¨Speaking of the socio-cultural future it should be mentioned that people retire earlier these days, as well as working shorterShow MoreRelatedRatio Analysis of Next Plc1716 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness Accounts – Assignment I Introduction Next plc is a retailer founded 1864 in the United Kingdom, that not only sells men’s, women’s and children’s wear but also has a home ware department. Their clothes wear are stylish but affordable. Throughout the United Kingdom and Ireland there are over 550 Next stores plus 50 franchises operating in Asia, Europe and The Middle East. This report will analyse and outline the company’s profitability, liquidity, solvency and investment potentials basedRead MoreReport on Analysis of Next Plc1551 Words   |  7 PagesTo: Date: From: Subject: Next pc is a uk based retailer that sells moderately price clothing for men, women and children. It also specialize in housewives and furnitures through 500 stores primarily in uk and irelandl. It also franchise more than 200 stores in asia nad Europe counties. Profitability The primary financial indicator is the roce which has shown an increases to 53.4 % in 2012 from 52.09 %. But, if the capital employed included the new  £300m committed bank facility that yet drawn downRead MoreReport on Analysis of Next Plc1535 Words   |  7 PagesTo: Date: From: Subject: Next pc is a uk based retailer that sells moderately price clothing for men, women and children. It also specialize in housewives and furnitures through 500 stores primarily in uk and irelandl. 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Overview On Guidelines Of The Financial Services Authority Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3201 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? This report advises Financial Institutions importance of the principals and guidelines of the Financial Services Authority (FSA) and as a legal advisor at Peter Bloomfield. The report will look at how companies, employees and managers are approved in accordance to advising regulated activities, how companies have responsibilities if they fail to comply with the laws and regulations set and what appropriate action is required to the set FSA guidelines. The FSA is an independent non-governmental body who are limited by guarantee and financed by the financial services industry. The FSA have statutory powers under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (FSMA 2000). The UK Treasury appoints the FSA board consisting of an appointed Chairperson, Chief Executive Officers, two Managing Directors, and eleven Non-Executive Directors including a lead Non-Executive Member who takes responsibility as a Deputy Chairman. The FSA are given a wide range of rulemaking, in vestigatory and enforcement powers in order to towards four statutory objectives: Market Confidence maintaining confidence in the financial system. Financial Stability contributing to the protection and the enhancement of the UK financial system. Consumer Protection securing the appropriate degree of protection for consumers Reduction of Financial Crime reducing to the extent to which it is possible for a business to be used for a purpose connected with financial crime. The FSMA 2000 is supported by a set of principles for good regulation. Efficiency and Economy the need to use resources in the most efficient way. Role of Management the companys senior managers are responsible for activities and for ensuring that its business complies with regulatory requirements. Proportionality the restriction the FSA impose on industry must be proportionate to the benefits that are expected to result from those restrictions. Innovation to carry innovative measu res when regulating activities International character including the desirability of maintaining the competitive position of the UK Competition the need to minimise the adverse effect on competition that may arise from the FSAs activity and the desirability of facilitating competition between the companies it regulates. The FSA has an organised high level qualification process for companies and persons in the industry to be approved. High standard levels are applicable to all companies firms and approved persons that are approved by the company to give advice and practice. The company must meet and adhere to the following threshold conditions. Legal status of the firm Firms must be a body corporate or a partnership not a limited liability partnership. The head office must be located and registered in the UK. For the insurance of motor vehicles the firm must have an appointed claims represented in each EEA states other than the UK. If a firm has close links with other firms then FSA must be satisfied that those links are not likely to prevent the firms supervision by the FSA. The FSA should take into account whether it is likely that it will receive adequate information from the firm and the persons with the firm have close links. The firms resources need to be adequate to carry out regulated activities, FSA take into account membership of which the firm may belong to and the sort of provisions made as a member of the group in respect of liabilities. Suitability of the firm, is the suitable for regulated activities? Whether the employees of the firm are suitable under the approved persons test. The firms suitability depends on whether the firm: Will conduct business with integrity and compliance of proper standards. Work competently. Can demonstrate that it will conduct its affairs with expertise, due skill, care and vigilance. If a firm fails or is failing to satisfy these conditions then the FSA may exercise its own prin ciple power under section 45 and can cancel the permission of the firm for regulated activities. The FSA encourages firms to take reasonable care to effectively follow and plan the FSA rule book in the firms activities. It is the firms obligation to take responsibility to maintain appropriate systems and to control the daily business appropriately of mitigating the risk involved in dealing with transactions and policies. A firm must take reasonable care to establish and maintain systems and controls appropriate to the scale, nature complexity of its business. The rulebook of the FSA spans an enormous gamut from issues of strategic, overarching significance, such as solvency margins, to matters of fine detail, such as the nature of wording of individual advertisements (Ennew, 2007,p.18) Senior managers have to be certain all records must be kept to show a clear chain of responsibility and data is secure as a back up. A separate system must be in place for external auditing. Firms must have a compliance officer that deals with complaints, check routine paper work and giving the firm guidance in the sales process complying with FSA rules and regulations. If the firms receive a complaint the compliance officer must respond promptly with a written acknowledgement providing early reassurance that it has received the complaint. The firm must inform the complainant of the measures and progress for the resolution. The complaint must be settled within eight days of receiving the complaint, if the complaint has not been settled then the firm must explain why its not in a position to resolve the complaint and explain when its to be able to provide one. The complainant must be advised the complaint can be referred to the Financial Ombudsman Service. The purpose of the FSA approval of individuals who perform controlled functions is to ensure that the individuals concerned are fit and proper under the FSMA 2000. When considering a candidates fitness and propri ety the FSA considers honesty, integrity and reputation. Competence, capability and finally financial soundness, an individual cannot be approved in advance of a firm being authorised. Remember that an approval is not once and for all process approved person must maintain their fitness and propriety or the FSA can withdraw any approval from them https://www.cii.co.uk/cii/about/re/responsibilities/fit_and_proper_test.aspx Accessed 27 December 2010 The FSA must be informed of any matters that could affect a persons honesty, integrity and reputation. Any criminal convictions must be disclosed, the Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974 does not apply to the questions for assessing a persons suitability to be an approved person. The FSA must consider whether the person has ever been convicted of a criminal offence and must pay particular attention to offences of dishonesty, fraud or financial crime. The second criterion under which the FSA judges applicants for approved person s tatus is competence and capability. An applicant must meet and adhere to the requirements of the Training and Competence Sourcebook in relation to the controlled functions for which they are seeking approval. The applicant must demonstrate by their experience that they will or be able to perform controlled functions. The final criterion for assessing an applicants fitness and prosperity is financial soundness; the main issues are the applicant being subject of any judgement debt or award that remains outstanding or was not settled within a period of time. Whether the applicant has made any arrangements with their creditors, filled for bankruptcy, been adjudged bankrupt, has assets seized or been involved in proceedings relating to any of these. Task 2 The FSA has four statutory objectives and the reduction of financial crime is amongst them. The reduction of financial crime objectives supports, and is supported by, other objectives the protection of consumers, market confid ence and financial stability. Financial crime includes any offence including fraud or dishonesty, market abuse and money laundering. The financial crime objective requires the FSA to reduce the extent regulated persons, firms and unauthorised business can be used for a purpose concerned with financial crime. FSMA also states that pursuing the reduction of financial crime firms must remain vigilant and being aware of their business used in connection with financial crime. Firms must make appropriate measures and have in place procedures and adequate recourses to prevent financial crime. Market abuse is improper conduct that undermines the UK financial markets or damages the interest of ordinary market principles. The FSMA 2000 section 118 creates civil penalties for markets abuse which run parallel to the criminal justice offences. The criminal offences are making a misleading statement and engaging in a misleading course of conducts for the purpose of inducing another perso n to or refrains from exercising rights in relation to investments. https://www.fsa.gov.uk/pages/doing/regulated/law/focus/conduct.shtml Accessed on 03 January 2011 The civil offence, as defined in section 118 of FSMA, can be any of the seven types of behaviour: Insider dealing. Improper disclosure. Misuse of information. Manipulating transactions. Manipulating devices. Dissemination. Distortion and misleading behaviour. Inside information is precise information that is not generally available in the investment markets, stock exchange or in the public domain. Subsequently investors would use the information making an investment decision. If this type of information is available generally it would significantly affect the price of an investment. Information which is gained through general research and analysis is not inside information. An insider is any person who has inside information: As a result of their membership of the administrative, manag ement or supervisory body of an issuer of qualify in investments; As a result of holding capital of an issuer or prescribed investments; As a result of having access to the information through their employment, profession or duties; As a result of criminal activities; or Which they have obtained by other means, e.g. a tip-off from a friend, and which they know, or could be reasonably expected to know, is inside information. Morkett UBS a mortgage and investment firm have four employees who used confidential and secured information regarding takeover bids for the firms six clients. This information was used for personal investment and interests; therefore this constitutes to insider dealings and has committed two offences. Firstly, a criminal offence under part V of the Criminal Justice Act 1993 which is the current legislation but before section sixty nine to seventy three part V of the Companies Act 1980 stated that insider dealing as a criminal offence in certain specified areas. Then subsequent consolidations can be cited in Company Securities (insider dealing) Act 1985 which was then amended by the Financial Services Act 1986. They have also committed a criminal act under Section 401/402 FSMA 2000. The EC Insider Dealing Directive was adopted in 1989 and implemented in the UK by Part V of the Criminal Justice Act1993. The approach adopted in the Criminal Justice Act follows that in EC Insider Dealing Directive (IDD) in that it treats insider dealing as an abuse of a market rather than a breach of the insiders fiduciary obligations to the company https://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/3950D4A4-5792-412C-BA89-1B30827101C7/0/BC_RS_eudirectives_1205_FR.pdf Accessed 04 January 2011 Secondly, a civil offence under section 118 of the Financial Services Markets Act 2000 relating to market abuse. The action of the employees directly fall into section 118 2a FSMA 2000, where the information was used for their own interests and financial gain. Section 118 FSMA creates civil penalties for market abuse which run parallel to the criminal offences. The employees have committed a serious criminal offense where the general public and other shareholders were at risk. This offence could have affected other investors interest and businesses arrangements with dealing with the six companies. Morkett UBS must take appropriate action by reporting the insider dealing case to the FSA. The four employees must be suspended until further investigation. If they are found guilty they will not be able to practice and advise regulated activities. These actions may lead the FSA to investigate with the local constabulary and may result to an unlimited fine and up to seven years imprisonment. The FSA should prosecute them via a criminal act as they have enough evidence in place. The information was stolen, the investment resulted to a financial gain and the information was not widely or publicly available as they were confidential documents. In addition Mr Oliver Tate, the approved person for the firm undertook his responsibility in an inconsistent and irresponsible manor allowing other members of staff to commit mortgage fraud. The mortgage advisors were able to submit false mortgage applications using Olivers login details. Mr Tates misconduct has resulted in committing a breach of principle five of the FSAs qualifying process and approved person. Morkett UBS and Mr Tate have failed to meet the threshold conditions and high level standards applied to give advice and practice regulated activities. Mortgage fraud is a crime and we take any failings that put customers and lenders at risk very seriously. The prohibitions will help mortgage market a safer place and the fines will send a message to other intermediaries that they must adhere to our rules and act with integrity at all times, or face the consequences. https://www.mortgagestrategy.co.uk/regulation/fsa-bans-three-fraudulent-mortgage-brokers/ 1020083.article Accessed 07 January 2011 Furthermore Morkett UBS and Mr Tate have failed to put in place adequate systems and controls to prevent false and misleading mortgage applications being submitted to lenders and to ensure customer files are checked. The senior management at Morkett UBS must stop all regulated activities, the FSA must be informed. If the firm is allowed to continue providing regulated activities it must adhere by the qualifying process. An approved persons fit and proper test must be carried out again. The firm must have in place adequate systems and controls. The FSA will investigate the case of fraudulent mortgages at Morkett UBS leading to Mr Tate and whoever was involved in the case to be prohibited from regulated activities. Task 3 Money laundering regulations apply to various business sectors, including financial markets and credit business, accountants and estate agents. Money laundering regulations are implemented to protect the UK fina ncial system. Businesses and firms that are regulated must have in place adequate systems and controls to prevent money laundering by criminals and terrorists. Public confidence in financial institutions, and hence their stability, is enhanced by sound banking practices that reduce financial risks to their operations (Schott, 2006, p11-8) The Money Laundering Regulations came into force December 2007.The regulation includes appointing a Nominated Officer, whose role is to check the identity of customers and keeping all relevant documents. The firm must report any suspicious activity to the Serious Organised Crime Agency (SOCA). If the business is covered by money laundering regulations it must have the following controls in place to prevent it from being used for money laundering, these include Assessing the risk of your business being used by criminals to launder money Checking the identity of your customers and clients Checking the identity of beneficial owners o f corporate bodies and partnerships Monitoring your customers business a activities and reporting anything suspicious to the serious organised crime agency Ensuring you have necessary management control systems in place Keeping all documents that relate to financial transactions, the identity of your customers, risk assessment and management procedures and process Making sure that your employees are aware of the regulations and have the necessary training If an employee in your business knows or suspects that another is money laundering or assisting financial terrorism, they must inform the Nominated Officer. The Nominated Officer must review the information received and decide if it needs to b reported to the SOCA. Once the officer has reasonable and sufficient evidence to suspect money laundering they must report it to the SOCA at the earliest possible opportunity. There are three notions of money laundering Placement where money is exchanged from criminal act ivities then placed in a financial institution, invested in assets or commodities. Layering this is the first attempt at disguising or concealing of the source of the ownership of the funds. Integration the stage at which the money is integrated into legitimate economic and financial system and is assimilated with all other assets in the system. Regardless of the crime, money launderers resort to placement, layering, and integration in the process of turning illicit proceeds into apparently legal monies or goods (Schott, 2006,p.1-7) Yorkshire Bank has failed to comply with the Money Laundering Regulations 2007 (MLR 2007). The systems and controls in place are not sufficient and adequate. The Risk Sensitive policies and procedures have not been implemented in order to prevent and detect criminals from laundering money at Yorkshire Bank. The FSA will instigate proceedings for the breaches and failure to implement procedures and therefore will conclude to a criminal offe nce MLR 2007. As a result of this offence Yorkshire bank will be sanctioned, fined, imprisonment or both. Yorkshire Bank has also committed an offence against the Data Protection Act 1998; the inaccurate information was loaded on the banking system database. The system, controls and the Data Controller failed to detect the incorrect information given by the clients. Yorkshire Bank must inform the Data Commissioner that an infringement has occurred of the terms of the act. The Commissioner will issue one of two types of notice to the data controller: An information notice, which requires the Data Controller to specify the steps that Yorkshire Bank will comply with the Act, or Enforcement notices this requires Yorkshire bank either to take some specified action or to refrain from certain activities. The enforcement powers of the Commissioner include the authority to prosecute the Data Controller who fails to comply with the information or enforcement. The maximum penalty f or these offences is  £5,000 unless the case goes to the crown court, in which there is no possible fine. The Terrorism Act 2000 includes money laundering; it was the duty of the employee to report the customer to the Constabulary that a person has committed a terrorist offence. Failing to report the suspicion and information in the course of trade, business, profession or employment is a criminal offence. A person found guilty of failing to report an offence will face a maximum penalty of six months in jail and/or  £5,000 fine in the magistrates court and five years in jail and/or an unlimited fine in the Crown Court. It was not just a matter of consolidation but also an expansion to make it truly all crimes legislation without a de minimus limit. The money laundering provisions of this Act and those of the Terrorism Act are, for practical purposes, identical and were drawn up so as to cover the appropriate requirement of the EU Directives (Hopton, 2009, P.41) Finally the bank employee violated the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002; all three principles were ignored and violated. The onus was on the employee in the interest of the public and society to report the offences, as a failure to report the criminal offence the sentence is fourteen years. I regret to say we can not see enough evidence for the defence. The Proceeds of Crime Act (Act) extends provisions about money laundering and crime proceeds in a way that could, in a few cases, create practical issues for regulated financial firms and for the Financial Ombudsman Services. https://www.financial-ombudsman.org.uk/publications/ombudsman-news/29/29-crimeact.htm Accessed 07 January 2011 The advice given in this report is strictly confidential and is the property of Peter Bloomfield. The legal advice is provided in each tasks and keys issue the firm has, that need resolving legally. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Overview On Guidelines Of The Financial Services Authority Finance Essay" essay for you Create order

Brotherhood Of Evil The Mafia - 1674 Words

In 1959, a book entitled Brotherhood of Evil: The Mafia was published by Frederic Sondern, Jr. on behalf of the U.S. Federal Bureau of Narcotics (Pembleton 2015). This book: â€Å"is a perfect example of the manner in which the Federal Bureau of Narcotics (FBN) actively managed popular perceptions of drugs and organized crime in America—a threat it often abbreviated as ‘the dope menace’ or ‘narcotics evil’—and used police adventure stories to advance its domestic and foreign policy goals† (Pembleton 2015, p. 1) The publishing of Brotherhood started the association of drugs as a widespread disease and drug users as criminals who wanted to do harm to not only themselves but also others (Pembleton 2015). In an address to the United States†¦show more content†¦The invasion of privacy of employees comes in the form of drug screenings, which â€Å"80% of Fortune 500 companies and 43% of firms employing 1,000 people or more† conduct in the form of a urine test (Wisotsky 1993, p. 3; Sterling 1990). The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) has an online database entitled Narcotics and Dangerous Drug Information System (NADDIS). NADDIS contains the names and information of high profile people totaling 1.5 million from 1974 to 1993. Only five percent of these people were ever actually under a DEA investigation. Yet the information of all of these people was still available to not just the DEA, but also drug enforcement officials in the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Customs Service, and the Internal Revenue Service, compromising their privacy (Wisotsky 1993). As far as searches and seizures are concerned, a simple tip by an anonymous person gives the police permission to get a search warrant (Wisotsky 1993). However, in accordance with the Fourth Amendment, these warrants must ‘particularly describe’ locations and be from a recent date (Sterling 1990). Also, the Supreme Court has â€Å"significantly enlarged the powers of the police to stop, question, and detain drivers of vehicles on the highways on suspicion with less than probable cause or with no suspicion at all at fixed checkpoints or roadblocksÍ ¾ make warrantless searches of automobiles and of closed

Four styles of Roman wall painting Incrustation style Essay Example For Students

Four styles of Roman wall painting: Incrustation style Essay The color black was drawn from carbon of burned brushwood; yellow was obtained from mines or trot heated white led; baked mixture tot sand and copper produced color blue; red was obtained from red ochre or cinnabar; and the most precious color purple was obtained from sea whelks. The essential tools used for plastering the walls were wooden float and trowel blades, Many wall paintings are very well preserved because as plaster dries, water evaporates and plaster absorbs carbonic acid gas (from air) Vichy forms a protective skin of crystalline carbonate of lime. The roman wall paintings were inspired by Greek and Hellenic nettings and architecture_ The wall paintings were classified into four styles by German archaeologist August AMA (1840-1309). He did not consider individual elements of paintings but rather focused on decorative composition and patterns and how they might be grouped into certain period styles. So these styles marked the shifting point in the chronology of painting from 2nd century BC to the final eruption of Mount Vesuvius in Pompeii in 79 CE as there are the most wall paintings that have survived. The styles were identified as follows: the 1st style is called Incrustation style (2nd 1st BC); the 2nd was Architectural style (c. 00-15 BC); the 3rd was Ornate style (c. 20 BC c. 20 AD); and the 4th was Intricate style (from c. 50 CELLO The first style is most distinctive style from all. Using this style, the wall was painted and molded trot stucco with the replication of various architectural elements such as masonry bricks, suspended alabaster discs, wooden beams, molding of dentist and etc. The figures did not give much of the importance to overall painting. The colors used were very bright such as yellow, red, green or even marbled effect in order to display the splendor of the buildings. The wall as usually divided into three horizontal panels, Probably the earliest example can be found in the diagram of tabling (south west wall) the house of Livid (c. 30 BC) in Rome. Here we can clearly see the division of wall by two vertical lines into three major sections, which are further divided into small sections, appearing as masonry blocks. The other wall painting appears in Sentiment house, in Herculean during c. 2nd BC This elaborate marbled panel appears as wall of bricks with glittering affects, which completely fits into the definition Of Incrustation style. This style was mostly influenced by Greek art With presenting materials of building and the figure drawing was influenced by Hellenic wall paintings. The replacement of first style occurred around 80 BC after defeat in the Social War. Here the Architectural style emerged, with the emphasis on the imitation of architectural forms to evoke a more spectacular type of architecture. Instead of using details based on stucco, there was the use of flat plaster on which projection and recession were emphasized by the use of shading and perspective, The common features in this style are use of Ionic columns or stage platforms. But still these decorations make the wall to appear sort tot closed in, The architectural style is evident in the house of the Griffins on the palatine Hill in Rome. There was found the geometrical marble affects on the walls with use of stucco like in the first style, but only here the sense of three dimensional surface is evident with the notions of optical illusions as fake columns and pillars protrude from the wall; also the use of shading and highlights combine with real lighting of the room to create the realms of fantasy. Other wall decoration of this style was found near Pompeii in the villa of the Mysteries. But here most of the features of second style are absent. .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e , .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e .postImageUrl , .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e , .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e:hover , .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e:visited , .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e:active { border:0!important; } .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e:active , .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u506233c4e22bc22be00150de55211f2e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Classification of Painting Media EssayThere are stage-like settings: a bright red background with, still divided into panels by vertical columns, but the figures seem to be most important feature of this wall painting as they cover the columns. These divine human figures seem to be performing some kind Of ritual initiated by the Greek God of wine Dionysus. Probably, these kind photometrical paintings were mostly influenced by Hellenic Coordination. @ As we wander from second style, under the influence of Emperor Augustus (r. 7 BC 14 AD), the people were more interested in displaying the elaborated details, rather than optical effects; also realistic columns were not lika ble anymore, so they were replaced by reed-like pillars with foliage; so with this change the Ornate style begins. Here painters had a strict sense about symmetry of the elements around central element; the pictures themselves were kind of suspended within monochromatic frames. The vertical zones of this frame would have been decorated by geometric motifs, columns of foliage hung around _candelabra_ (incense-burners). The use tot mythological creatures in the background was relevant to this style. So there was a development of the routes, where vegetation combines human and animal bodies together. One example of this style is Villa Farseeing (riverside villa), where the elaborate details tot grotesques is clearly evident. In the kitchens or dining areas the frescoes represent the still life, for example still-life found in Herculean, depicts a bird and some sort of vases. Other examples come from the House of the Vetted_ Here the wall paintings comprise a single monochrome background in colors such as red, orange and blue with elaborate foliage-like details. These frame the smaller figural paintings n the centre of the wall. In one scene figures seem to be involved in daily tasks; in Other it involves mythological creatures involved in some kind Of ritual, background is emphasized vivid architectural elements. These paintings look as they were not painted straight on the wall but were hanged Which gives more realism to the overall style of painting. The last, Intricate style is sort off combination of all the styles, because it does not posses any distinctive feature. And yet it is most complex and extravagant style of all. It borrowed the sense of illusionist from second style; and figure matting and architectural details from third style. It involves large-scale narrative paintings, usually drawn from mythology. The main features of this style are t he representations of opened doors and windows, balconies: also include some visionary elements of architecture. The paintings appear more realistic as painters created illusion tot depth and perspective. And therefore, the paintings make rooms more open and appear wider. One of the examples reflecting this style is _Domes Urea_ of _Scriptoriums_ from Rome. This is very large room, with tall walls and oval-shaped ceiling. Here we can see the wall divided by many vertical lines, along with horizontal lines into these illusionists areas, proceeding into a distance, Areas contain subjects such as windows, doors, balconies, sculptures of human or animal bodies. The other example is House of the Theatre in Herculean. This is very extravagant decoration with strong colors; there is tapestry with small human head on higher part of the panel In the lower part there is an optical illusion Of opened door With notion Of foliage and other spectacular decorations. Also in the House of Vetted, there are Ruth style wall paintings. Here there are depiction Of mythological creatures such as cupids performing some kind of rituals; the use of contrasting colors such as pink and blue. During this style, dining rooms were decorated by still-life paintings of fishes, birds, fruits and glass vessels. All the painting styles have features that are distinct and some in common. The wall painting chronology evolved from creating fake masonry, the use of optical illusions to create depth to the use of mythological subjects and landscape scenes; to the more elaborate use of color which made them to appear as anal paintings jus being hanged on the wall, because they appear as framed pictures; also the emphasis of archite ctural elements evolved into the grand style of painting with emphasis on architraves, pediments, pillars and ornamental human and animal sculptures.

Informal Education and Literacy Skills Informal Education

Question: Discuss about the Informal Education and Literacy Skills for Informal Education. Answer: Informal Education and literacy skills The objective of this annotated bibliography discusses influence of informal education on the literacy skills of individuals. Does informal education influence the literacy skills of individuals in a positive manner? This annotated bibliography is based on the resources that establish the relationship between the informal education and the literacy skills or linguistic abilities of people. Dede, C. (2009). Immersive interfaces for engagement and learning.Science, 323(5910), 66-69. This study discusses the various types of informal education that could improve the literacy skills of individuals. In this article, author presented that there are various interfaces that could provide informal education to people. The people can gain the informal education from the internal and external factors. In the study, author established a positive correlation between informal education and the literacy skills of individuals. For this research, authors took the approach of secondary research. A lot of past researches have been done in this area. Authors referred to more than 25 journals to make meaningful conclusions. Author concluded that children should be given informal education along with the formal education so that they can gain good literacy skills. Goodfellow, R. (2011). Literacy, literacies and the digital in higher education. Teaching in Higher Education,16(1), 131-144. This research starts with the basic definition of the informal education and the need of the informal education for higher education children. Authors highlighted that this era is marked with Internet and digital platforms. Author argued that the linguistic abilities of students in the higher education depend a lot on the way students get the education. Authors did a mixed research and use both primary and secondary methods to complete the research. The primary research for this work was based on quantitative methods and the secondary research for this work was based on qualitative methods. Author used a random sampling method to form a sample of 100 respondents. Author concluded that the linguistic abilities of people depend a lot on the way parents can create a culture of informal education. This platform could be an electronic platform in this time of digitization. Greenfield, P. M. (2009). Technology and informal education: What is taught, what is learned.Science,323(5910), 69-71. This research established a positive correlation between informal education and the literacy skills of individuals. For this research, authors took the approach of secondary research. In this research work, author identified the gap between the education that is imparted in the school and the learning that students get in the school. The linguistic abilities of the people depend on the combination of internal and external drivers. The internal drivers would include the perception and motivation of students. The external drivers would include the formal and informal education that people get. Lonigan, C. J., Allan, N. P., Lerner, M. D. (2011). Assessment of preschool early literacy skills: Linking children's educational needs with empirically supported instructional activities.Psychology in the Schools,48(5), 488-501. In this research, author established a positive correlation between informal education and the literacy skills of individuals. Authors did a mixed research and use both primary and secondary methods to complete the research. This research was a lengthy research and it took 3 months for authors to complete the research. A systematic sampling method was used to create a sample of 225 respondents. Author highlighted that the linguistic abilities of the people depend on the way individual has had early literacy. Author concluded that the school age and the early literacy skills of the individuals are the basis of the linguistic abilities that people get. Meyers, E. M., Erickson, I., Small, R. V. (2013). Digital literacy and informal learning environments: an introduction.Learning, Media and Technology,38(4), 355-367. This research work is focused on digital literacy and informal learning environment. For this research, authors took the approach of primary research methods. Researches have the null hypothesis that digital literacy shares a relationship with the informal learning. Authors used a sample size of 175 respondents. The learning abilities and the linguistic skills have changed a lot with digitization. It is expected that Internet and digital platforms would continue to shape the learning abilities of people. It is important that the people and students must learn about the digital things. Authors concluded that the linguistic abilities consist of lot of attributes and the linguistic abilities are much more than the reading and writing skills. The change or the transformation in the linguistic skills could be attributed to the digital transformation. Ng, W. (2012). Can we teach digital natives digital literacy?.Computers Education,59(3), 1065-1078. In the study, author established a positive correlation between informal education and the literacy skills of individuals. For this research, authors tool the approach of secondary research. Author concluded that the linguistic abilities of people depend a lot on the way parents can create a culture of informal education. It is important that the people and students must learn about the digital platforms like Internet and social media. In this research, author studies the need of teach digital literacy and author researched if digital literacy could be taught or not. Author concluded that the skills and the knowledge of digital literacy would depend on number of factors. In certain cases, people can gain the literacy skills from the informal education and in some cases, it may not be possible to gain the digital literacy from the informal education. Nutbeam, D. (2008). The evolving concept of health literacy.Social science medicine,67(12), 2072-2078. This article deals with the evolving concept of health literacy. Author argued that there are various drivers of the health literacy. This research is based on the quantitative research. Author used the primary method of research. The researcher created an online survey and this survey was mailed to different respondents. The conversion rate was less in this survey. However, the researcher was able to get the responses from 70% of the respondents. Author highlighted that the concept of health literacy has evolved a lot and it is expected that there would be more evaluation in the learning abilities of people. Researcher concluded that the learning abilities of the people would depend not only on the internal drivers or internal parameter but also on the attitudes of the caretakers. Skwarchuk, S. L., Sowinski, C., LeFevre, J. A. (2014). Formal and informal home learning activities in relation to childrens early numeracy and literacy skills: The development of a home numeracy model.Journal of experimental child psychology,121, 63-84. In the study, author established a positive correlation between informal education and the literacy skills of individuals. Authors highlighted that informal education can boost the linguistic abilities of individuals. Therefore, it is important that education should be imparted in formal as well as informal manner. Authors did a mixed research and use both primary and secondary methods to complete the research. For the primary research, the researchers created a sample of close to 100 people and for the secondary research, researches completed an exhaustive literature review of more than 40 resources. Author concluded that the linguistic abilities of people depend a lot on the way parents can create a culture of informal education.

Narrative Design of Fargo free essay sample

The 1996 film, Fargo was directed and written by Joel and Ethan Coen. Unlike many films, Fargo was not filmed in a linear pattern; instead, Fargo was filmed in an episodic pattern with three sets of characters that gradually flow into one linear path. Fargo also has an unusual set of characters, with the true roles of the protagonist and antagonist being shown and understood towards the middle of the film. The film was set in 1987 and took place mainly in Brainerd, Minnesota. The film focuses on the characters and the details of the plot, rather than the subject and story itself, to allow the audience to perceive the film as a case investigation using an omniscient narration with the camera. The first part of film focuses a lot on the characters and how they relate to one another by case and effect. There are three main characters in the film are: Jerry Lundegaard, Carl Showalter, and Marge Gunderson. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative Design of Fargo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jerry Lundegaard, a car salesmen who is in desperate need of money, he arranges to have his wife kidnapped to get money from his wealthy father-in-law. Carl Showalter and his partner Gaear Grimsrud are the hired kidnappers that gets into trouble and causes three homicides of a police, and two passersby. The murders results to a local police, Marge Gunderson to trace and investigate the event. Other than the three round characters, the film also contains a few flat characters like the two girls at the bar who slept with Carl Showalter and Gaear Grimsrud and was later interviewed by Marge. The girls were minor characters, and their characters were given one dimension. Up until this point, the protagonist and the antagonist of the film are still unclear. We see Jerry Lundegaard as the protagonist and Carl Showalter and Gaear Grimsrud as the antagonist. But as Marge starts the investigation and when she tried to question Jerry Lundegaard, the audience starts to see that Marge is the true protagonist, while Jerry Lundegaard serves as the antagonist who was the cause of the three homicides, the missing car, and his wifes kidnapping. The second part of the film, after Marge interviews the two girls at the bar. The films episodic pattern starts to follow a linear path. After the interview, Marge was able to track down the car Carl Showalter and Gaear  Grimsrud were driving to Jerrys car dealership, where she questions him about the missing car. Jerry Lundegaard denies the missing car at first, but then flees out and tries to escape when Marge convinces Jerry to do an inventory check. This causes Marge to call the police to arrest Jerry Lundegaard. Then on the way back to Brainerd, Marge spots the missing car from Jerrys dealership and finds Gaear Grimsrud getting rid of Carl Showalters body, and arrests him. The film has a first person narration with both an omniscient and restricted view. Through first person narration, we only see and know what the character informs us; therefore allowing the audience to feel like Marge under a case investigation, getting only the information provided by the character and suspect. So far the plot of the film has allowed the audience to understand the basic organization and events of the film. In the beginning, the audience where able to see Jerry Lundegaard asking Carl Showalter and Gaear Grimsrud to kidnap his wife in exchange for money and a car. Then in the rising action, we see Jerry Lundegaards father-in-law finally accepting his proposal of buying a 40-acre land to build a parking lot. Just when the plot seemed to have a positive change, we hit the climax, and we see that Carl Showalter and Gaear Grimsrud has killed three people after kidnapping Jerrys wife, and is asking for more money than the original deal. The n in the falling action, Jerrys father-in-law decides to find Carl Showalter by himself despite what Jerry said of Carl Showalter and Gaear Grimsrud only wanting to deal and speak with him. Jerrys father-in-law meets with Carl and demands him to hand over his daughter first, while Carl demands him to hand him the money first. Upset, Carl shoots Jerrys father-in-law. Jerrys father-in-law shoots back at Carl, which provoked him even more and kills Jerrys father-in-law. In conclusion, Marge arrested Gaear after he killed Carl, and Jerry was found and arrested at a hotel. Though the plot of the film started with Jerry meeting with Carl and Gaear for the first time and ended with the antagonists being arrested and Marge going back home with her husband, the story did not. We see that the storyof the film starting when Jerry Lundegaard first realized that he is in debt and that he is in desperate need for money. The film also allows the audience to perceive their own ending of the films story, for the audience to determine whether or not both Jerry and Gaear are being sent to prison, and whether or not Jerrys wife is alive. Diegetic and non-diegetic elements in the film helps enhance the characters emotions. The sound effects used when gunshots were made by Carl, Gaear, and Wade enhanced the actions made by the character to add a dramatic effect. Background music also plays an important role. The song Big City by Merle Haggard was played when Jerry traveled to Fargo for the first time to meet Carl and Gaear, and the song Lets Find Each Other Tonight was played when Carl and Gaear were escorted by the two girls at the bar (Fargo (film).) The music and titles help perceive the characters feelings and emotions, as well as being about to better describe the situation they are in. The narrative design in the beginning of the film was a bit unusual, with the confusion of the protagonist and antagonist. This twist allows the audience to see a radical change in the characters and to fully understand the characters roles. This way of narrative design also allows the viewers to understand the theme that people are not always what they seem, just as how the character Jerry was not who he seemed to be.

Associated Business Risks Of An Organization

An organization involved in a business has certain specific characteristics which makes it different from other organizations. Each and every organization has to work in different environment which makes the job of the management of an organization challenging as the conditions changes so are the challenges to an organization. Accordingly, the associated risks of doing business also change with even little change in environment and other conditions. In this document a detailed discussion shall be made on how to assess the associated business risks of an organization working under a particular environment and how to use analytical procedures for such an organization to conduct an effective audit in such circumstances. There are numerous countries across the globe which have specific domestic auditing standard on understanding and assessing the risks of material misstatement through understanding the entity and its environment is auditing standard. In order to conduct an audit efficiently the very first thing that the auditors need to know is the environment in which a particular organization operates. The environment and the attributes of the environment of an organization will determine the nature of risks that such an organization will experience in conducting its operations (Arens et al. 2016). In this document a detailed discussion shall be made to understand the risks of business associated with the operations of Aristocrat Leisure Limited and accordingly, the analytical procedures that shall be used to deal with these risks and provide an appropriate opinion on the financial statements of the company. Manufacturer of gambling machines Aristocrat Leisure Limited is an Australian company; with the administrative center of the company in Sydney the company conducts most of its research and development activities at its North Ryde site. Apart from Australia the company also has its marketing and brand development offices in countries like United States of America, South Africa and Russia. The management of the company takes product in its achievement of being the largest gambling machine manufacturer in the country and also at being one of the largest in manufacturing slot machines on the planet. In fact when it comes to manufacturing of slot machines the company is only second to International Game Technology (Byrnes et al. 2015).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The company is involved in manufacturing of gambling machines and slot machines and is one of the largest company in the globe in manufacturing these machines, certainly the largest in whole of Australia. The business operations of the company includes manufacturing of spinning reel slot machines and computerized gambling systems, development of computerized card games. The company has license to distribute computerized card game simulations, gambling machines and slot machines in more than 200 jurisdictions in and out of Australia (Cao et al. 2015). The company is a constituent of Australian Stock Exchange ASX and was first listed in way back 1996. It first manufactured a machine in the year 1953 and since then have invested in number of new initiatives and projects to manufacture innovative gambling and slot machine. Investment activities of the company include huge amount of investment on research and development process to find new and better ways to manufacture and develop slot machines as well as other gambling machines. Investment in research and development processes has also helped the company to come up with innovative new products of its own. The company has made substantial amount of investment on developing computerized gambling systems and automatic spinning slot machines. Apart from these the investment activities of the company includes investment in computerized card games simulations and advances computerized gambling systems. Over the years the management has used its funds very sensibly as it clear from the fa ct that most of the investment initiatives take by the management in the past has helped the company to enhance its market growth substantially. Thus, at present the company stands as a market leaders in Australian manufacturing gambling machines the second market leader in manufacturing slot machines across the globe (Fayol 2016).   Financing of the projects of the company has been done mainly by using the funds generated from the issuance of ordinary shares in the market and from loans taken from banks and other financial institutions. Thus, the financing of the company is a combination of own funds and borrowed funds. Apart from these two sources the company has also earned substantial amount of profit during the course of its existence and thus has substantial amount of retained earnings. The company has made efficient use of its retained earnings by financing profitable projects. The company follows the international financial reporting standards to prepare and present the financial statements of the company. The company has followed the going concern concept in preparing the financial statements. In recording the transactions that the company enters into, double entry system of accounting and accrual basis of accounting prince have been used. The company prepares Balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement, statement of changes in equity and notes to accounts. All these statements include corresponding figures of previous year to allow the users of these statement to compare the current year’s figures instantly with the corresponding figures of previous year. The company has also followed the guidelines of AASB 8, Segment Reporting, and has provided necessary information for different operating and geographical segments of the company in its financial statements (Jans et al. 2014). Understanding of the industry of which the organization is part of us an important part of assessing the environment within which the organization performs to understand the associated risks and possible material misstatements in the financial statements. The industry of production of gambling machinery and development of computerized gambling system and computerized card games simulations is a huge industry with numerous companies vying to capture bugger market share than they have at the present. Slot Machine Manufactures, International Game Technology etc. are well-known organizations that are in the business of manufacturing gambling and slot machines for number of years now. These are only few companies mentioned since these are the only two companies that are in the same league as that of the Aristocrat Leisure Limited. However, there are numerous other companies that are looking to capture the market with production and development of innovative gambling machineries and computerized card simulation games. Apart from that there are other companies which are trying to get in the industry in the future. The industry growth has been phenomenal to say the least. According to the data provided by a leading magazine the gambling activities have showed an increase of 200% only over the last 5 years and if the trend continues then the gambling society believes that the revenue from gambling will increase to 5 times within next 10 years. Obviously as the gambling activity going to increase so will the requirement and need of gambling machines and system. The increase in use of computerized card games simulations have increased to 3 times in recent years and so has the business of the developers of such game. The potential of growth of the industry is huge and in fact with this rate of growth it can be said that the industry is in high growth trajectory. The industry has an effective supply chain and it has contributed immensely to the growth of the industry and will continue to do even in the future. Slot Machine Manufacturers, International Game Technology, Developers Limited are the major players in the market and have dominated the market for number of years now. The major portion of the market share are of International Game Technology, Slot Machine Manufactures and Aristocrat Leisure Limited. These three combined provides more than 50% of the machines used for gambling. Also in card game simulations these three companies are the top market share holder in the industry. All the other companies combined have a market share of less than 50% when it comes to manufacturing and production of gambling machines are concerned. The critical success factors are the following: The legal environment within which an organization works and operates is a huge factor that contributes to the overall development of an organization. Neither too much nor too less regulations is good for an organization and business hence, there should be proper balance between too much and too less regulations. Aristocrat Leisure Limited has to follow the relevant guidelines and provisions of competition act, Income Tax Assessment Act, 1997 and others to continue its business operation. The political environment of the company is stable and has never been a roadblock to the progress of the company and there is nothing to believe that this going to change in the immediate future. The economic environment within which the organization operates is also progressive and helpful for the development of business. Socially the country is a developed and opened society which have helped the gambling business to grow and so the business of the company. Technologically the country is well developed and been a leader around the globe in that aspect hence, technological progress has also helped the company to grow further (Trevino and Nelson 2016). Strength of the company is its ability to innovate. Over the years the company has provided new and invocative products in the market. The company has an efficient management and workforce which have helped the company to be the largest gambling manufacturing company in Australia and second largest computerized card game simulation developer in the whole wide world. Weakness of the company is the fact that often it has been unable to make optimum use of its idle funds and most of the times these funds have remained idle without any use. The ever increasing regulations and rules for the business of the company is another aspect to be looked at in the future as an area of possible concern. The company has the opportunity to be a huge player in the manufacturing and development of gambling machines in the whole world. The card game simulations also provide the company an opportunity to take over the reins of the market from International Game Technology. Threats are the ever increasing pressure of the existing players in the market to provide better quality products at relatively low prices in the market to keep the existing market share intact. Apart from that the threats of new entrants to the market is also a justifiable threat. Constant innovation and up-gradation of technology makes it imperative on the part of the management to keep modifying its machines and card game simulations to keep up with the requirements of the customers. However, the work force of the company is not fully capable of handling the ever changing needs and requirements of the customers. Thus, the management needs to recruit better equipped personnel to deal with this problem (Sierra?Garcà ­a et al. 2015).  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The customers’ needs and expectations are always on the rise and the competitors in the market are always on the look out to provide the customers there desirable products to capture the market. Continuous up-gradation of technology and subsequently the machines and computerized card game simulations is essential for the company to hold on its market share.   The main risks in business expansion strategy of the company is the lack of innovative ideas on the operational aspects of the business. For years now the company has not been able to give a break-through computerized gambling machine or card game simulations of highest quality. In order to expand the business the management needs a break-through product which shall be liked universally by the customers. Apart from that the funds to expand the operations is another issue that the organization has faced in the past. Implementation of the guidelines provided in Australian Accounting Standards issued by the Australian Accounting Standards Board is the primary objective of the management and executive of the organization (Sekaran and Bougie 2016). The company is required to adhere to the Competition Act guidelines by not getting involved in any unlawful practices to hamper the competition in the market. Apart from that the company should disclose its earnings according to the provisions and guidelines provided in the Income Tax Assessment Act, 1936 and the relevant guidelines of Environment Laws of the country should also be followed to avoid penalty or other punishments. The company needs to fulfill its commitments to the banks and financial institutions in order to get financial assistance in expansion of business. Any failure on the part of the company in fulfilling its commitments to financial institutions and banks would hamper the chance of the company in getting financial assistance from these organizations (Sadgrove 2016). The use of information technology is crucial for the development of the company especially since the company is involved in the business of manufacturing computerized gambling machines, slot machines and simulation card games. Proper and effective use of information technology would help the company to achieve its desired objectives in the future. Effects of implementation of a new strategy: As soon as a new strategy is implemented there bound to be some changes in the organization. Accounting requirement might change with the implementation of a new strategy. The accounting professional must have the necessary knowledge to deal with changes and its impact on accounting environment.   An auditor is responsible to express a clear opinion on the financial statements of an organization as to whether the financial statements portray the true and correct picture of the organization. In order to discharge his responsibility efficiently and to express a valid opinion on the financial statements an auditor needs to corroborate evidence by using analytical and substantive procedure. The extent of use of substantive procedures would be dependent on the results of the analytical procedures used by the auditor. Thus, use of analytical procedures has to be done effectively and efficiently by the auditor (Louwers et al. 2015). Use of analytical procedures such as assessing the gross profit margin , net profit margin of the company in the current year and comparing the same with the previous years’ figures along with the standard industry parameters would help the auditor to check for any unnecessary fluctuations in these metrics. Apart from the percentage of interest expense to overall expenses, the growth in sales, the increase in operating expenses all these will help the management to identify any unwarranted fluctuations and possible area of misstatements and frauds. The mission and vision statement of the company has made it amply clear for all the stakeholders to understand how serious the management is to run the operations within the organization in accordance with the ethical values and norms of highest standards. The management has made sure that the importance of following ethical guidelines is conveyed to the employees, labor and other stakeholders in clear terms. The company has a separate unit that looks into this aspect of the organization and is responsible for design and administration of ethical values within the organization. In order to ensure that the manufacturing process as well as other important aspects of business are effectively managed the management has a standard skill and knowledge development program which includes providing training to the employees and educating them with new and improved technologies to equip them to deal with the challenges at the work place.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The governance of the company can be segregated into two main pillars, these are the shareholders of the company and the management of the company. The management of the company is separate from its shareholders. The decisions taken by the management of Aristocrat Leisure Limited are pure to achieve its desirable business objectives and for the benefit of the company. The company has a standard internal audit program which is completely independent of the management (Krahel and Titera 2015).   Ã‚  Ã‚   The management of the company has a very clear style when it comes to running the operations of the company. Managing the business risks by taking important decisions keeping in mind the interests of the company is the backbone of decision making process within the organization. Huge importance is given to the financial reporting process and the management never interfere with the accountants in financial reporting process. The organizational structure of the company is such that it allows the management to take important business decisions only after consulting with the other stakeholders of the company such as shareholders, banks and financial institutions who have provided the company with financial assistance. The management segregates duties and responsibilities of different departments within the organization. The employees have their duties and responsibilities clearly curved out thus, there is generally no overlapping of roles and responsibilities within the organization. The company has a standard recruitment policy which is regularly up-top-dated by the management to ensure that employees and staffs recruited by the company is capable of discharging their duties and responsibilities efficiently. Also in order to develop the skill and knowledge in the work force the company has a standard training program to ensure that the work force gets to know about the new development in their field of work to be able to give their best while working for the company (Knechel and Salterio 2016).     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Arens, A.A., Elder, R.J., Beasley, M.S. and Hogan, C.E., 2016.  Auditing and assurance services. Pearson. Byrnes, P.E., Al-Awadhi, C.A., Gullvist, B., Brown-Liburd, H., Teeter, C.R., Warren Jr, J.D. and Vasarhelyi, M., 2015. 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Sekaran, U. and Bougie, R., 2016.  Research methods for business: A skill building approach. John Wiley & Sons. Sierra?Garcà ­a, L., Zorio?Grima, A. and Garcà ­a?Benau, M.A., 2015. Stakeholder engagement, corporate social responsibility and integrated reporting: an exploratory study.  Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,  22(5), pp.286-304. Trevino, L.K. and Nelson, K.A., 2016.  Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right. John Wiley & Sons.